Vanodzima moto ndivo vanodzivirira hupenyu hwevanhu nezvinhu zvavo, nepo marori emoto ari iwo midziyo mikuru iyo vanodzima moto vanovimba nayo pakurwisa moto nedzimwe njodzi. Rori rekutanga remoto repasi rose (injini yemoto inotyaira mota nepombi yemoto) rakagadzirwa muGermany muna 1910, uye rori rekutanga remoto renyika yangu rakagadzirwa muna 1932 neShanghai Aurora Machinery Iron Factory. Mushure mekutangwa kweNew China, bato nehurumende vakakoshesa zvikuru kuvandudzwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwemoto. Muna 1965, Dhipatimendi reMoto reMinistry of Public Security (ikozvino yava Emergency Management Department Fire Rescue Bureau) rakaronga Shanghai Fire Equipment Factory, Changchun Fire Equipment Factory neAurora Fire Machinery Factory. Vagadziri vemotokari vakagadzira pamwe chete uye vakagadzira mota yekutanga yemoto yakagadzirwa muNew China, mota yemoto yeCG13 yetangi remvura, muShanghai, uye yakatanga kugadzirwa zviri pamutemo muna 1967. Nekukura kwehupfumi hwevanhu, indasitiri yemotokari dzemoto yenyika yangu yakawedzerawo nekukurumidza, ine mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa, uye mhando dzakasiyana dzemotokari dzemoto dzakadai semotokari dzemoto dzinosimudza uye mota dzemoto dzekununura vanhu panguva yenjodzi dzakaonekwa.
Rori rekutanga rekudzima moto muChina (muenzaniso weChina Fire Museum)
Hunhu hwemarori emoto hune chekuita zvakananga nekushanda zvakanaka kwekudzima motouye mapoka ekununura mukuita mabasa ekudzima moto nekununura, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kuchengetedzeka kwehupenyu hwevanhu nezvinhu zvavo. Nokudaro, kugadziriswa kwemitemo yayo kwakakosha kuti zvikwata zvekudzima moto nekununura zvibudirire muhondo. Kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti marori ekudzima moto anoshanda uye akavimbika, muna 1987, Mutungamiriri Li Enxiang weaimbova Shanghai Fire Science Research Institute yeMinistry of Public Security (ikozvino Shanghai Fire Research Institute yeEmergency Management Department, inonzi "Shangxiao Institute") ndiye akatungamira kuumbwa kwerori rekutanga rekudzima moto munyika yangu. Chiyero chenyika chezvigadzirwa "Zvinodiwa pakushanda kwerori rekudzima moto uye nzira dzekuyedza" (GB 7956-87). Shanduro yechi87 yechiyero cherori rekudzima moto inonyanya kutarisa pakuongorora mashandiro emota nekuvimbika, senge mashandiro ekumhanyisa mota, kumanikidzwa kwekuyerera kwepombi yemvura, nguva yekusimudza rori rekusimudza, nezvimwewo, kunyanya pakushanda kwepombi yekudzima moto nguva dzose, nguva yekushanda nguva dzose, nezvimwewo. Huwandu hwakawanda hwezvidzidzo zvekuyedza nekusimbisa zvakaitwa, uye zvinhu zvine chekuita nekuyedza mashandiro ehydraulic uye nzira dzekuyedza zvakashandiswa kusvika pari zvino. Kuumbwa nekushandiswa kwemutemo uyu kwakaita basa guru mukuvandudza mashandiro emvura uye kugona kwemoto kwemotokari dzinodzima moto panguva iyoyo.
Muna 1998, shanduro yekutanga yakagadziridzwa yeGB 7956 "Zvinodiwa Pakushanda uye Nzira Dzekuyedza Marori Emoto" yakaburitswa uye yakashandiswa. Zvichibva pa87 vhezheni yechiyero, iyi vhezheni inosanganisa mamiriro chaiwo enyika ekugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwemarori emoto uye zviyero zvakakodzera nemitemo yemotokari dzinofanirwa kutevedzwa. Inovandudza mashandiro ekudzivirira moto uye kuvimbika kwezvinhu zvekuyedza zvemarori emoto, uye yakagadzirisa mashandiro emabhureki emarori emoto. Zvinodiwa zvekuyedza uye nzira dzakavandudza kuchinjika kwemagadzirirwo emarori emoto. Kazhinji, 98 vhezheni yechiyero cherori yemoto inogara nhaka pfungwa yakajairika ye87 vhezheni, ichinyanya kutarisa pakuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwerori yemoto.
Nekukurumidza kukura kweindasitiri yemotokari munyika yangu, tekinoroji yekudzimisa moto nekununura, uye kuwedzera kwemabasa emapoka ekudzimisa moto nekununura, mhando dzemarori ekudzimisa moto dzave kuwedzera kuwanda. Mhando dzese dzezvinhu zvitsva, matekinoroji matsva, michina mitsva, uye maitiro matsva anoshandiswa muhuwandu hwakawanda. Zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza uye kusimudzira kushandiswa kwemarori ekudzimisa moto zviri kuramba zvichikwira, uye vhezheni 98 yechiyero chemota dzekudzimisa moto zvishoma nezvishoma haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemota dzekudzimisa moto. Kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa nemamiriro ezvinhu matsva, kugadzirisa musika wemarori ekudzimisa moto, uye kutungamira kukura kwetekinoroji kwezvigadzirwa zvemota dzekudzimisa moto, National Standardization Management Committee yakaburitsa basa rekugadzirisa chiyero chemota dzekudzimisa moto cheGB 7956 kuShanghai Consumer Consumers Institute muna 2006. Muna 2009, chiyero chenyika cheGB 7956 "Fire Truck" chakagadziriswazve chakaendeswa kuti chiongororwe. Muna 2010, yaimbova Fire Bureau yeMinistry of Public Security (ikozvino Fire Rescue Bureau yeMinistry of Emergency Management) yakaona kuti mota dzakawanda dzaive mu standard dzaisabatsira kuti standard ishandiswe uye ishandiswe, uye yakasarudza kupatsanura standard kuita sub-standards inoenderana nemarudzi akasiyana ema fire trucks, zvichigadzira GB Mandatory national standard ye7956 fire trucks series. Kuumbwa kwese kwese kwese kwe fire trucks standards kwakatungamirwa naDirector Fan Hua, Researcher Wan Ming, uye Associate Researcher Jiang Xudong weShanghai Consumer Institute. Inosanganisira sub-standards makumi maviri nemana (pairi gumi nembiri dzakaburitswa uye dzakashandiswa, nhanhatu dzakatumirwa kuti dzibvumidzwe, uye kuendesa kuti dziongororwe kwapera. 6), iyo inotaura zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvezvigadzirwa zve fire trucks, pamwe nezvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvemhando makumi matatu nenomwe zvezvigadzirwa zve fire trucks muzvikamu zvina, zvinosanganisira fire fire, lifting, special service, uye security.
Musangano weGB7956.1-2014 weKusimudzira Kwakajairika
Miyero yenyika itsva yeGB 7956 yemotokari dzemoto inosungirwa kutanga inoumba sisitimu yakakwana yemotokari dzemoto muChina. Zvikamu zvehunyanzvi zvinofukidza zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzira, kugadzira, kuongorora, kugamuchirwa, uye kugadziriswa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemotokari dzemoto. Zviri mukati zvakazara uye zviratidzo zvakakodzera. , Yakafanana zvikuru nehondo chaiyo yemoto, kushanda kwakasimba, uye inoenderana nemitemo yemotokari yeChina iripo, mitemo yekutarisira zvinhu zvekudzivirira moto, uye mitemo yekusimbiswa kwemotokari dzemoto nemimwe mitemo nemitemo. Yakaita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira kusimudzira indasitiri yemotokari dzemoto muChina nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji. . Mukugadzirira kwenhevedzano yemitemo, ruzivo rwepamusoro rwevagadziri vemotokari dzemoto dzemuno nedzekunze rwataurwa nezvarwo. Mazhinji ematanho ehunyanzvi anowanikwa kuburikidza nekutsvagisa kwemuno nekunze uye kuratidzwa kwemiedzo. Zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi uye nzira dzekuyedza zvakakurudzirwa kekutanga kumba nekune dzimwe nyika. Mumakore achangopfuura, kodzero dzepfungwa dzakazvimiririra dzakasimudzira kukurumidza kuvandudzwa kwemhando yemotokari dzemoto dzenyika yangu uye dzakakurumidzisa mashandiro ezvigadzirwa zvekunze.
Kuongororwa kwekuongorora mashandiro emota yemoto ine furo (hydraulic fire truck)
Kuongororwa kwekushushikana uye kumanikidzwa pamotokari yemoto yakasimudzwa
Kusimbiswa kweKuedza Kugadzikana kweRori Yemoto Inokwidza
Mwero weGB 7956 wezvitima zvinodzima moto hausi hwaro hukuru hwehunyanzvi hwekuwana musika uye kutarisirwa kwemhando yepamusoro kwemarori emoto, asiwo hunhu hwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvigadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwevagadziri vezvitima zvinodzima moto. Panguva imwe chete, unopawo kutengwa, kugamuchirwa, kushandiswa uye kugadziriswa kwemarori emoto ezvikwata zvinoponesa moto. Unopa vimbiso yehunyanzvi yakavimbika. Pamusoro pekuitwa zvizere nemabhizinesi, masangano ekuongorora uye ekupa zvitupa munyika dzakasiyana-siyana, mwero wezvitima wakashandurirwawo muChirungu nechiGerman nevagadziri vezvitima zvinodzima moto vekunze uye unoshandiswa zvakanyanya nemasangano ekusimbisa zvitupa neekuyedza ekuEurope neAmerica. Kuburitswa kwemwero weGB 7956 wezvitima kunoisa mitemo inoshanda uye kunokurudzira kuvandudzwa nekufambira mberi kweindasitiri yezvitima zvinodzima moto, kukurumidzisa kurega basa uye kubviswa kwetekinoroji nezvigadzirwa zvekare, uye kwakaita basa guru mukuvandudza mwero wekutsvagisa nekusimudzira mota dzemoto dzenyika yangu nekuvakwa kwemidziyo yechikwata chekununura moto. Kunyange zvazvo ichiita mipiro yakakosha mukuchengetedzwa kwehupenyu hwevanhu nepfuma, yakasimudzirawo kutengeserana kwenyika dzese uye kuchinjana kwehunyanzvi kwezvigadzirwa zvezvitima zvinodzima moto, zvichikonzera mabhenefiti makuru munharaunda nehupfumi. Saka, nhevedzano yemitemo yakahwina mubairo wechitatu we2020 China Standard Innovation Contribution Award.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-11-2021